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- >On Wed, 31 Jan 1996, Andrew Hofman <andyh@erinet.com> wrote:
- >
- >>I haven't tested that with Lightwave, but in the real world, focal length
- >>and F-stop both directly affect focusing distance and its resultant depth of
- >>field.
- >
- > This is incorrect: in a prime lens, focal length is fixed, and focusing
- >distance is calibrated by the manufacturer. I believe what you meant to say
- >is "Depth of Field is affected by F-Stop and focal length",-- the latter being
- >fixed in prime lenses and variable in zoom lenses.
- >
- >jeric@accessone.com
-
- Whoops. That is what I meant to say.
-
- To avoid some possible confusion among readers, "prime lenses" are simply
- lenses with a fixed focal length, as opposed to zoom lenses which have a
- variable focal length. Jeri actually defines this in his message, but it's
- one of those film terms that can trip people up.
-
- Historical note: Why do old studio TV cameras have three or four lenses on
- the front, instead of just one? It's because they're all fixed prime lenses.
- The operator had to switch between them, each with a different focal length.
- But if zoom lenses were developed back in the 20's, why weren't they used on
- TV cameras in the 50's? I'm guessing here, but I think it has to do with the
- fact that until recently, zoom lenses were optically "slow" -- that is, they
- required more light than simpler prime lenses to do the same job (as well as
- having other optical problems). This was exactly the wrong thing to stick on
- the front of a TV camera 40 years ago. The imaging tubes of that time were
- notoriously insensitive and required huge amounts of light. Under those
- circumstances, the last thing you wanted was a slow lens to further degrade
- performance.
-
- This also partially explains the classic look of films in the 30's and 40's.
- The optically inferior "Zoomar" lens was used only reluctantly. So most of
- the time they had to execute gorgeous, swooping shots with prime lenses.
- When you can't zoom in on something, you have to invent all kinds of neat
- ways to move the camera around.
-
-
- Andy Hofman
- LumaQuest Productions
- Animation and Dual Raptor 3 Rendering
- andyh@erinet.com
- 513-643-7333
-
-